Modele de dezvoltare identitară în familii minoritare etnic/multiculturale de surzi
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Abstract
Although the existence of internal ethnic diversity within Deaf communities is recognized by several authors, there has been less analysis of the impact of the ethnicity of marriage partners on the development and transmission of identity within Deaf families. This paper addresses language use and crossgenerational identity transmission in ethnic minority or ethnically mixed families set up by Deaf spouses living in Oradea (Romania). The research conducted in the Deaf community of Oradea is based on a survey of ethnic Hungarian Deaf community members (including ethnic Romanian spouses), lifepath interviews with selected Deaf individuals, and family case studies. The research results denote that in the case of Deaf people living in ethnically homogenous marriages who have graduated from a special school in Hungarian language, the transmission of Hungarian identity, knowledge of Hungarian sign language/oral language tends to be a natural, undisturbed process. However, if one of the spouses is of Romanian ethnicity, the language of communication within the family will probably be Romanian sign language/oral language. On the other hand, in families where both minority and majority ethnic family members, Deaf and hearing, are present, complex, multifaceted patterns of linguistic communication may operate, favoring specific multicultural ways of developing and transmitting identity.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Belenyi, E., & Flora, G. (2023). Modele de dezvoltare identitară în familii minoritare etnic/multiculturale de surzi. Sociologie Românească, 21(2), 29-55. https://doi.org/10.33788/sr.21.2.2
References
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Arnos, K. et al. (2008). A comparative analysis of the genetic epidemiology of deafness in the United States in two sets of pedigrees collected more than a century apart, The American Journal of Human Genetics, 83(2), 200-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.07.001.
Atkin, K., Ahmad, W., & Jones, L. (2002). South Asian deaf people and their families: negotiating relationships and identities, Sociology of Health & Illness, 24(1), 21-45. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.00002.
Bahan, B. (2004). The visual people. Paper presented at the conference Deaf Studies Today, Utah Valley State College, Orem.
Bell, D. (1975). Ethnicity and Social Change, în N. Glazer, & D. P. Moynihan. (eds.), Ethnicity: theory and experience,), Harvard: Harvard University Press, 141-174.
Byun, K. S., De Vos, C., Bradford, A., Zeshan, U., & Levinson, S. C. (2018). First encounters: Repair sequences in cross-signing, Topics in Cognitive Science, 10(2), 314-334. https://doi.org/10.1111/ tops.12303.
Canagarajah, S. (2013). Translingual practice: Global Englishes and cosmopolitan relations. Abingdon: Routledge Press.
Chapman, M. (2021). Representation and resistance: A qualitative study of narratives of Deaf cultural identity, Culture & Psychology, 27(3), 374-391.
Chapman, M., & Dammeyer, J. (2017). The significance of deaf identity for psychological well-being, The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 22(2), 187-194.
Connerton, P. (1991). How societies remember. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Crowe, K., Fordham, L., Mcleod, S., & Ching, T. Y. (2014). ‘Part of our world’: Influences on caregiver decisions about communication choices for children with hearing loss, Deafness & Education International, 16(2), 61-85.
Dammeyer, J., & Marschark, M. (2016). Level of Educational Attainment Among Deaf Adults Who Attended Bilingual-Bicultural Programs, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, enw036.
Delgado, G. (ed.) (1984). The Hispanic deaf: the issues and challenges for bilingual special education. Washington: Gallaudet University Press.
Denmark, C. J. (1994). Deafness and Mental Health. London: Jessica Kingsley.
De Vos, G. (1982). Ethnic Pluralism: Conflict and Accomodation, în G. De Vos, & L. Romanucci-Ross (eds.), Ethnic identity: cultural continuities and changes, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 5-41.
Fay, E. A. (1898). Marriages of the Deaf in America. Washington, DC: Volta Bureau.
Flora, G., & Szilagyi, G. (2008). Identitás és jövőkép. [Identitate și proiecții de viitor]. Miercurea Ciuc: Editura Status.
Göncz, L (2004). A vajdasági magyarság kétnyelvűsége: nyelvpszichológiai vonatkozások. [Bilingualismul maghiarilor din Voivodina: aspecte de psihologie lingvistică]. Szabadka: MTT.
Gregory, S. (1998). The bilingual education of deaf children: theory and practice, în G. L. Zaitseva, A. A. Komarova, & D. M. Pursglove (eds.), Deaf children and bilingual education, Proceedings of the International Conference on Bilingual Education of Deaf Children, Moscow, April 1996. Moscow, Zagrey, 1998.
Guiberson, M. (2013). Survey of Spanish parents of children who are deaf or hard of hearing: Decision-making factors associated with communication modality and bilingualism, American Journal of Audiology, 22(1), 105-119.
Gúti, E., & Szépe, Gy. (2006). A szivárvány-koalíció nyelvpolitikája (Nyelvpolitika alulnézetben) [Politica lingvistică a coaliției-curcubeu (Politica lingvistică în vedere de jos)], în Sz. Tóth (ed.), Hatalom interdiszciplináris megközelítésben [Puterea într-o abordare interdisciplinară], Szeged: Szegedi Egyetemi Kiadó/Presa Universitară din Szeged, 111-128.
Harris, M., & Beech, J. (1995). Reading development in prelingually deaf children, în K. Nelson, & Z. Reger (eds.), Children's Language, Volume 8. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 181-202.
Hattyár H. (2008). A magyarországi siketek nyelvelsajátításának és nyelvhasználatának szociolingvisztikai vizsgálata [Un studiu sociolingvistic al dobândirii și folosirii limbii de către persoanele surde din Ungaria]. Doktori disszertáció. Budapest, Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem Bölcsészettudományi Kar/Teză de doctorat, Facultatea de Arte, Universitatea Eötvös Loránd, Budapesta.
Henner, J., & Robinson, O. (2021). Unsettling Languages, Unruly Bodyminds: Imaging a Crip Linguistics. Disponibil la https://psyarxiv.com/7bzaw. Accesat la 10 februarie, 2022.
Higgins, M., & Lieberman, A. M. (2016). Deaf Students as a Linguistic and Cultural Minority: Shifting Perspectives and Implications for Teaching and Learning, Journal of Education 196(1), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/002205741619600103.
Hogg, M. A. (2016). Social identity theory, în S. McKeown, R. Haji, & N. Ferguson (eds.), Understanding Peace and Conflict Through Social Identity Theory. Peace Psychology Book Series. Cham: Springer, 3-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29869-6_1.
Humphries, F (1993). Deaf culture and cultures, în K. Christensen, & G. Delgado (eds.), Multicultural issues in deafness, 3-16, White Plains: Longman.
Kohli, M. (2007). The Institutionalization of the Life Course: Looking Back to Look Ahead, Research in Human Development, 4(3-4), 253-271. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427600701663122.
Lane, H. (1995). Constructions of Deafness, Disability & Society, 10(2), 171-190. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599550023633.
Leigh, I. (2009). A lens on Deaf identities. Perspectives on Deafness. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Leigh, G., & Crowe, K. (2015). Responding to cultural and linguistic diversity among Deaf and hard-of-hearing learners, în H. Knoors, & M. Marschark (eds.), Educating deaf learners: creating a global evidence base, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 68-91.
Loots, G., Devisé, I., & Jacquet, W. (2005). The impact of visual communication on the intersubjective development of early parent-child interaction with 18- to 24-month-old deaf toddlers, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 10(4), 357- 375. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/eni036.
Lucas, C., Bayley, R., & Kelly, A. B. (2005). The Sociolinguistics of Sign Languages, în M. Ball, & J. Ball (eds.), Clinical Sociolinguistics, Oxford: Blackwell, 250-264.
Macnamara, J. (1967). The Linguistic Independence of Bilinguals, Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 6(5), 729-736. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(67)80078-1.
Marschark, M. (2001). Language Development in Children who are Deaf: A Research Synthesis. Alexandria, VA: National Association of State Directors of Special Education (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED455620).
Marschark, M., Lang, H. G., & Albertini, J. A. (2002). Educating Deaf Students. New York: Oxford University Press.
Marschark, M., Zettler, I., & Dammeyer, J. (2017). Social dominance orientation, language orientation, and Deaf identity, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 22(3), 269-277. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/enx018.
Mitchell, R. E., & Karchmer, M. A. (2004). When parents are deaf vs. hard of hearing: Patterns of sign use and school placement of deaf and hard-of-hearing children, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 9(2), 1-20.
Mosier, A.G. (1999). Marital Quality in Deaf-Deaf and Deaf-Hearing Marriages. Utah: Utah State University.
Moriarty, E., & Kusters, A. (2021). Deaf cosmopolitanism: calibrating as a moral process, International Journal of Multilingualism. https://doi.org.10.1080/14790718.2021.1889561.
Nybo, W., Scherman, A., & Freeman, P. (1998). Grandparents' Role in Family Systems with a Deaf Child: An Exploratory Study, American Annals of the Deaf, 143(3), 260-267.
Padden, C. (1989). The Deaf Community and the Culture of Deaf People, în S. Wilcox (ed.), American Deaf Culture, Silver Spring, Maryland: Linstok Press.
Padden, C., & Humphries, T. (1998). Deaf in America: Voices from a culture. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
Pickersgill, M., & Gregory, S. (1998). Sign Bilingualism: A Model. Wembley, Middlesex: LASER Publication. (Publication No. 004239).
Sallai, J. (2010). Interkulturális identitás a vegyes nemzetiségű és vallású családokban [Identitate interculturală în familiile mixte etnic și religios], Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai, Theologia Reformata Transylvanica, 55(2), 121-131.
Scheurich, J. (1993). Toward a white discourse on white racism. Educational Researcher, 22(8), 5-10.
Tajfel, H. (1978). The Social Psychology of Minorities. London: Minority Rights Group.
Young, C. (1976). The politics of cultural pluralism. Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press.
Zavalloni, M. (1993). Identity and Hyperidentities: The Representational Foundation of Self and Culture, Papers on Social Representations, 2(3), 218-235.
Arnos, K. et al. (2008). A comparative analysis of the genetic epidemiology of deafness in the United States in two sets of pedigrees collected more than a century apart, The American Journal of Human Genetics, 83(2), 200-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.07.001.
Atkin, K., Ahmad, W., & Jones, L. (2002). South Asian deaf people and their families: negotiating relationships and identities, Sociology of Health & Illness, 24(1), 21-45. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.00002.
Bahan, B. (2004). The visual people. Paper presented at the conference Deaf Studies Today, Utah Valley State College, Orem.
Bell, D. (1975). Ethnicity and Social Change, în N. Glazer, & D. P. Moynihan. (eds.), Ethnicity: theory and experience,), Harvard: Harvard University Press, 141-174.
Byun, K. S., De Vos, C., Bradford, A., Zeshan, U., & Levinson, S. C. (2018). First encounters: Repair sequences in cross-signing, Topics in Cognitive Science, 10(2), 314-334. https://doi.org/10.1111/ tops.12303.
Canagarajah, S. (2013). Translingual practice: Global Englishes and cosmopolitan relations. Abingdon: Routledge Press.
Chapman, M. (2021). Representation and resistance: A qualitative study of narratives of Deaf cultural identity, Culture & Psychology, 27(3), 374-391.
Chapman, M., & Dammeyer, J. (2017). The significance of deaf identity for psychological well-being, The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 22(2), 187-194.
Connerton, P. (1991). How societies remember. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Crowe, K., Fordham, L., Mcleod, S., & Ching, T. Y. (2014). ‘Part of our world’: Influences on caregiver decisions about communication choices for children with hearing loss, Deafness & Education International, 16(2), 61-85.
Dammeyer, J., & Marschark, M. (2016). Level of Educational Attainment Among Deaf Adults Who Attended Bilingual-Bicultural Programs, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, enw036.
Delgado, G. (ed.) (1984). The Hispanic deaf: the issues and challenges for bilingual special education. Washington: Gallaudet University Press.
Denmark, C. J. (1994). Deafness and Mental Health. London: Jessica Kingsley.
De Vos, G. (1982). Ethnic Pluralism: Conflict and Accomodation, în G. De Vos, & L. Romanucci-Ross (eds.), Ethnic identity: cultural continuities and changes, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 5-41.
Fay, E. A. (1898). Marriages of the Deaf in America. Washington, DC: Volta Bureau.
Flora, G., & Szilagyi, G. (2008). Identitás és jövőkép. [Identitate și proiecții de viitor]. Miercurea Ciuc: Editura Status.
Göncz, L (2004). A vajdasági magyarság kétnyelvűsége: nyelvpszichológiai vonatkozások. [Bilingualismul maghiarilor din Voivodina: aspecte de psihologie lingvistică]. Szabadka: MTT.
Gregory, S. (1998). The bilingual education of deaf children: theory and practice, în G. L. Zaitseva, A. A. Komarova, & D. M. Pursglove (eds.), Deaf children and bilingual education, Proceedings of the International Conference on Bilingual Education of Deaf Children, Moscow, April 1996. Moscow, Zagrey, 1998.
Guiberson, M. (2013). Survey of Spanish parents of children who are deaf or hard of hearing: Decision-making factors associated with communication modality and bilingualism, American Journal of Audiology, 22(1), 105-119.
Gúti, E., & Szépe, Gy. (2006). A szivárvány-koalíció nyelvpolitikája (Nyelvpolitika alulnézetben) [Politica lingvistică a coaliției-curcubeu (Politica lingvistică în vedere de jos)], în Sz. Tóth (ed.), Hatalom interdiszciplináris megközelítésben [Puterea într-o abordare interdisciplinară], Szeged: Szegedi Egyetemi Kiadó/Presa Universitară din Szeged, 111-128.
Harris, M., & Beech, J. (1995). Reading development in prelingually deaf children, în K. Nelson, & Z. Reger (eds.), Children's Language, Volume 8. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 181-202.
Hattyár H. (2008). A magyarországi siketek nyelvelsajátításának és nyelvhasználatának szociolingvisztikai vizsgálata [Un studiu sociolingvistic al dobândirii și folosirii limbii de către persoanele surde din Ungaria]. Doktori disszertáció. Budapest, Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem Bölcsészettudományi Kar/Teză de doctorat, Facultatea de Arte, Universitatea Eötvös Loránd, Budapesta.
Henner, J., & Robinson, O. (2021). Unsettling Languages, Unruly Bodyminds: Imaging a Crip Linguistics. Disponibil la https://psyarxiv.com/7bzaw. Accesat la 10 februarie, 2022.
Higgins, M., & Lieberman, A. M. (2016). Deaf Students as a Linguistic and Cultural Minority: Shifting Perspectives and Implications for Teaching and Learning, Journal of Education 196(1), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/002205741619600103.
Hogg, M. A. (2016). Social identity theory, în S. McKeown, R. Haji, & N. Ferguson (eds.), Understanding Peace and Conflict Through Social Identity Theory. Peace Psychology Book Series. Cham: Springer, 3-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29869-6_1.
Humphries, F (1993). Deaf culture and cultures, în K. Christensen, & G. Delgado (eds.), Multicultural issues in deafness, 3-16, White Plains: Longman.
Kohli, M. (2007). The Institutionalization of the Life Course: Looking Back to Look Ahead, Research in Human Development, 4(3-4), 253-271. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427600701663122.
Lane, H. (1995). Constructions of Deafness, Disability & Society, 10(2), 171-190. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599550023633.
Leigh, I. (2009). A lens on Deaf identities. Perspectives on Deafness. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Leigh, G., & Crowe, K. (2015). Responding to cultural and linguistic diversity among Deaf and hard-of-hearing learners, în H. Knoors, & M. Marschark (eds.), Educating deaf learners: creating a global evidence base, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 68-91.
Loots, G., Devisé, I., & Jacquet, W. (2005). The impact of visual communication on the intersubjective development of early parent-child interaction with 18- to 24-month-old deaf toddlers, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 10(4), 357- 375. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/eni036.
Lucas, C., Bayley, R., & Kelly, A. B. (2005). The Sociolinguistics of Sign Languages, în M. Ball, & J. Ball (eds.), Clinical Sociolinguistics, Oxford: Blackwell, 250-264.
Macnamara, J. (1967). The Linguistic Independence of Bilinguals, Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 6(5), 729-736. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(67)80078-1.
Marschark, M. (2001). Language Development in Children who are Deaf: A Research Synthesis. Alexandria, VA: National Association of State Directors of Special Education (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED455620).
Marschark, M., Lang, H. G., & Albertini, J. A. (2002). Educating Deaf Students. New York: Oxford University Press.
Marschark, M., Zettler, I., & Dammeyer, J. (2017). Social dominance orientation, language orientation, and Deaf identity, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 22(3), 269-277. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/enx018.
Mitchell, R. E., & Karchmer, M. A. (2004). When parents are deaf vs. hard of hearing: Patterns of sign use and school placement of deaf and hard-of-hearing children, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 9(2), 1-20.
Mosier, A.G. (1999). Marital Quality in Deaf-Deaf and Deaf-Hearing Marriages. Utah: Utah State University.
Moriarty, E., & Kusters, A. (2021). Deaf cosmopolitanism: calibrating as a moral process, International Journal of Multilingualism. https://doi.org.10.1080/14790718.2021.1889561.
Nybo, W., Scherman, A., & Freeman, P. (1998). Grandparents' Role in Family Systems with a Deaf Child: An Exploratory Study, American Annals of the Deaf, 143(3), 260-267.
Padden, C. (1989). The Deaf Community and the Culture of Deaf People, în S. Wilcox (ed.), American Deaf Culture, Silver Spring, Maryland: Linstok Press.
Padden, C., & Humphries, T. (1998). Deaf in America: Voices from a culture. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
Pickersgill, M., & Gregory, S. (1998). Sign Bilingualism: A Model. Wembley, Middlesex: LASER Publication. (Publication No. 004239).
Sallai, J. (2010). Interkulturális identitás a vegyes nemzetiségű és vallású családokban [Identitate interculturală în familiile mixte etnic și religios], Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai, Theologia Reformata Transylvanica, 55(2), 121-131.
Scheurich, J. (1993). Toward a white discourse on white racism. Educational Researcher, 22(8), 5-10.
Tajfel, H. (1978). The Social Psychology of Minorities. London: Minority Rights Group.
Young, C. (1976). The politics of cultural pluralism. Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press.
Zavalloni, M. (1993). Identity and Hyperidentities: The Representational Foundation of Self and Culture, Papers on Social Representations, 2(3), 218-235.